Peru, a country in western South America, is rich in history and culture. Once the heart of the Inca Empire, its legacy is preserved in magnificent archaeological sites like Machu Picchu, Choquequirao, and the Sacred Valley. It’s a place where history comes alive, culture thrives, and nature seems almost unreal. Trust me, Peru will steal your heart.
After the 16th century, Peru became a melting pot of Indigenous traditions and European influences, mainly Spanish. This mix shaped the Peruvian culture, which many Peruvians are proud to maintain.
The country is diverse, and its landscapes change drastically when you visit the south and the far north. Geographically, Peru is like three countries rolled into one. Each region feels like a completely different country, yet all are undeniably Peru. You won’t run out of places to explore.
If you are into surfing and sandy beaches, Mancora, Lobitos, and Huanchaco are the best places to visit.
For mountain lovers, the Cusco province and the region around Huaraz and Caraz are the best options. On top of that, you can also visit the Amazon through the Manu Cultural Zone.
What I love most about Peru is its energy. It’s not just about the landscapes or ruins; it’s the people, the markets bursting with colors, and the delicious food around every corner. Peru is more than a destination—it’s an experience you’ll carry with you long after you’ve left.
Peru’s history goes back thousands of years, starting with some of the oldest civilizations in the Americas. The Norte Chico culture, dating to 3000 BC, laid the groundwork for a rich cultural legacy. Later, the Chavín, Moche, and Nazca civilizations flourished, leaving behind incredible artifacts, pottery, and, of course, the mysterious Nazca Lines.
The rise of the Inca Empire marked Peru’s golden age. By the 15th century, the Incas ruled a vast and sophisticated network traversing much of western South America.
They built inspiring cities like Cusco, Choquequirao, and Machu Picchu, mastering engineering and agriculture in ways that still amaze us today.
Their legacy is everywhere in Peru, and Peruvians are very proud of it. You will hear the word Inca very often while visiting the country.
Spaniards came to the country and overthrew the Incas, transforming Peru into a Spanish stronghold in South America. This era left behind colonial architecture, like the cathedrals of Cusco and Lima, as well as a mix of Indigenous and European cultures that define modern Peru.
In 1821, Peru declared independence, starting a new chapter in its history. Today, the country is a vibrant republic where ancient traditions and modern progress coexist.
Walking through Peru feels like stepping back in time while seeing a culture that’s still very much alive—a fascinating mix that’s hard to resist.
Peru is very diverse geographically. It’s split into three distinct regions: the coast, the highlands, and the jungle. Each one offers its own vibe, from arid deserts and beaches to snow-capped mountains and lush rainforests. This combination makes Peru a fantastic country to explore, mainly for ecotourism.
The coast goes along the Pacific Ocean and is home to Peru’s capital, Lima. It’s mostly arid, with deserts, valleys, and cliffs watching the sea.
Summers (December to March) are sunny and warm, making it the perfect time for beach lovers. Winter (June to September) is cooler, and it rains often.
The Andes dominate the highlands, cutting across the heart of the country. This region is famous for its picturesque peaks, ancient ruins, and cultural presence. Temperatures vary wildly; with warm days and chilly nights, you must be prepared for all types of weather.
If you’re trekking, prepare for unpredictable weather, especially during the rainy season (November to March). Dry months (April to October) are ideal for hiking.
The Amazon jungle has a lot of biodiversity and covers over 60% of the country. It’s hot and humid year-round, with frequent rains, especially between December and May. You can spot exotic wildlife and experience a world untouched by modern life.
Peru’s geography and climate are as diverse as its culture, meaning there’s always something new to discover!! My favorite part of the country is the Sacred Valley. I spent 15 days there, but I could stay much longer.
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Peru is a playground for everybody, really, you will find experiences for all sorts of travelers: History lovers, nature ecotourists, and foodies. The iconic Machu Picchu tops the list, and for good reason. Besides Machu Picchu, there is a big list of exciting things I recommend you to do:
Machu Picchu is the biggest reason why people visit Cusco or Peru. This iconic archaeological site is, in fact, inspiring, beautiful, and astonishing. I spent a lot of time there, only appreciating the view and wondering how the Incas had been living there for many centuries.
Since it is a famous tourist destination, the Peruvian government made a significant effort to boost tourism in the area. As a result, there are many ways to reach the archaeological site.
If trekking is your thing, I strongly recommend you to trek to Machu Picchu. The experience of slowly feeling the Inca vibes around the trails, rewarding you at the end with the view of the citadel, is unforgettable!!
You can take the following trekking routes: Salkantay, Inca Trail, and Jungle Trek. I went there through the Salkantay route; if you want more details about my experience, click here.
Another way to get there is by taking a train from Ollantaytambo to Aguas Calientes, taking a bus to the citadel afterward, or walking.
The Choquequirao Archaeological Site is also known as Machu Picchu’s sister. It offers an extraordinary peek into the ancient Inca civilization in a mystique and far less crowded place. This remote site is accessible only by a challenging yet rewarding trek. However, the Peruvian government has already planned to create a cable car system to boost tourism in the area; soon, this place won’t be a hidden gem anymore.
Choquequirao, meaning “Cradle of Gold” in Quechua, is a vast complex of terraces, temples, plazas, and residential areas. The place is really big, so when visiting, spare at least 3-5 hours to explore the site.
The ruins and the stonework are impressive, and I found myself admiring everything there, imagining the life that once filled this sacred city.
Sandboarding in Huacachina is an exciting experience you can’t miss. This tiny desert oasis, surrounded by massive sand dunes, offers the perfect setting for adventure.
There are tours combining exploration of the area outside of the oasis with sandboarding. If you want to have a proper experience, you should ask for the professional equipment. They will provide you with boards and proper binds for your adventure for an extra fee.
For an extra dose of adrenaline, hop on a dune buggy ride across the desert at intense speeds (if you want a less intense experience, just tell the driver).
If you decide to visit Huacachina, it’s a good idea to combine a visit to Ica if you love to taste wines. The region around Ica is famous for its vineyards, producing both wine and the iconic Pisco.
Visit traditional bodegas to learn about the winemaking process. Don’t miss the chance to try fresh Pisco straight from the source. Many tours include walks through the vineyards, surrounded by stunning desert landscapes.
Exploring the Sacred Valley was one of the best things I did while exploring Peru. It was a great journey through Peru’s cultural and natural heart. This spectacular region, located between Cusco and Machu Picchu, is full of charming villages, ancient Inca ruins, and local markets.
Visit Pisac for its impressive ruins and artisan market, or explore the fortress of Ollantaytambo, a living Inca town. The salt mines of Maras and the circular terraces of Moray offer fascinating peeks into Inca creativity.
Beyond history, the valley is perfect for outdoor adventures like hiking and rafting. My choice was to make Pisac my base, and from there, I explored the other parts of the valley.
Surfing in Mancora and Lobitos offers some of the best waves in Peru. Mancora, a beach town, is perfect for beginners and pros surfers, with consistent swells and warmer water year-round. As you head south, the water will get colder.
Its relaxed vibe and vibrant nightlife make Mancora an interesting destination for those into surfing and/or partying.
Just a short drive away, Lobitos is a quieter surfer’s paradise, known for its long left-hand waves and peaceful atmosphere. The mix of sandy beaches and rocky points creates ideal conditions for more experienced surfers.
Hiking and trekking around Huaraz and Caraz is a dream for outdoor ecotourists. Located in the Andes, these towns are gateways to the stunning Cordillera Blanca and Cordillera Huayhuash mountain ranges.
Iconic hikes like Laguna 69 show vibrant turquoise waters surrounded by snow-capped peaks. The view is breathtaking, and it is one of the most beautiful places I have ever seen in my life!
Multi-day treks like Santa Cruz and Huayhuash are more challenging but rewarding, offering a peaceful, remote beauty. Caraz, a quieter alternative to Huaraz, is the perfect base for exploring hidden gems like Lake Shallap.
Visiting Lima is a must for experiencing Peru’s modern lifestyle in the capital, and the neighborhoods of Miraflores and Barranco are the city’s crown jewels, both of which are very safe.
Miraflores is a district built along panoramic cliffs, offering ocean views. You can go for a running session on the famous Malecón, a walkway lined with parks, or visit the Huaca Pucllana, an ancient pyramid.
It’s also a hotspot for dining, with world-renowned restaurants serving some of the best ceviche you’ll ever taste. I found ceviche much better in the country’s north, but Lima doesn’t stay behind.
Barranco, on the other hand, is Lima’s artistic neighborhood known for its colorful streets, street art, and alternative vibe. It’s the perfect place to explore galleries, boutique shops, and trendy cafes. Don’t miss the Puente de los Suspiros (Bridge of Sighs), an interesting spot with a unique charm.
Boat trips on Lake Titicaca offer an interesting way to explore the world’s highest navigable lake. There are different tours, and I recommend joining the 2-day tour from Puno.
The 2-day journey takes you to the iconic Uros Floating Islands, where locals share their unique traditions, and you can learn how they keep the island floating.
A stop at Taquile Island shows a slower pace of life; it’s very calm. It’s a perfect place for short-term isolation to focus on personal projects that don’t require access to fast internet.
Lastly, stay overnight on Amantani Island with a local family, where you can feel their warm hospitality. Make sure to have some Spanish skills to communicate with them.
Seeing the Nazca Lines in Peru is a truly surreal experience, I had goosebumps there. These ancient geoglyphs, carved into the desert floor over 2,000 years ago, are animals, plants, people, and geometric shapes; some of them are hundreds of meters long.
The best way to view them is by taking a small plane tour from Nazca. For a more budget-friendly option, climb the observation tower to see a few lines up close. Their purpose remains a mystery, creating endless fascination and speculation between people.
Visiting the planet’s lungs is also an unforgettable experience while exploring Peru. From Puerto Maldonado to Manu or Iquitos, you can enter the Amazon Rainforest, where rivers, fauna, and flora await you. Just make sure to bring mosquito repellent with you 🙂
Guided tours offer opportunities to spot wildlife like monkeys, caimans, and, if you’re lucky, jaguars. Learn from Indigenous communities about their traditions and connection to the forest.
There are eco-lodges providing a relaxing base while supporting conservation efforts to preserve the forest. The Peruvian Amazon is a true adventure, and I recommend you spend at least three days exploring it.
Arequipa, Peru’s “White City,” has a unique colonial charm and stunning landscapes; it is a wonderful city to explore. Built from white volcanic stone, its historic center is a UNESCO site featuring places like Santa Catalina Monastery and Plaza de Armas.
Surrounded by volcanoes, Arequipa is a good base to visit the Colca Canyon, perfect for hiking and condor spotting. Another famous volcano is Misti, where you can hike to its peak.
The local cuisine, with dishes like rocoto relleno and adobo, is a regional culinary highlight. It is worth exploring museums and the history of Arequipa to understand the relationship between the province and the rest of the country.
The Colca Canyon is one of the world’s deepest canyons, offering an excellent opportunity for a great trek. I recommend not doing the full-day tour because the Canyon is enormous. It is one of these places where you should take your time and explore its magic without rushing.
A highlight of this place is spotting the Andean condors flying gracefully above us. Conservation projects are happening to try to save this endangered species.
After completing the trek, you can relax in hot springs near the Canyon and learn about local culture.
Trekking the Ausangate in Peru is an adventure into one of the Andes’ most remote and stunning regions. The trek takes you around the sacred Ausangate mountain, offering spectacular views of glaciers, turquoise lagoons, and red-and-green landscapes from the Rainbow Mountain.
Known for its high altitude, with passes reaching over 5,000 meters, the trek is challenging but rewarding. Along the way, you’ll encounter traditional villages and alpacas roaming around.
The famous Rainbow Mountain is often included as a stop, adding a colorful highlight and contrast to the adventure. I recommend seeing the Red Valley when exploring Rainbow Mountain; it is beautiful!! Bring enough warm clothes because it can get very cold and there are no accommodation options on the way, you need to camp.
Waqrapukara is one of the most beautiful archaeological sites I have seen!! The way the fortress was built is intriguing; you can watch and wonder for hours how everything was put in place and which instruments were used to make it.
The journey to Waqrapukara involves a few rides to get to the trailhead and a great hike with amazing views of the surrounding landscapes.
You can do a day hike or spend one night on the site and leave on the next day. The place is so peaceful and beautiful that spending an extra day will be fantastic for connecting more with the place and nature.
Peru’s cultural heritage combines Indigenous, Inca, and Spanish influences. Festivals like Inti Raymi and Qoyllur Rit’i celebrate ancient traditions, while Cusco’s architecture reflects Inca and colonial history.
Colorful textiles, pottery, and silver jewelry are part of Peru’s craftmanship work, and music brings the Andean spirit to life with pan flutes and charangos.
Traditional dances and music like huayno are prevalent among Quechua people. Walking around the streets of Cusco, you can see the influence of the Incas on the city.
Peruvians are very proud of their culture, and connecting and learning from them is easy. Make sure to meet locals during your visit; the connection can be even deeper if you speak Spanish.
Ecotourism in Peru is ongoing work; in some parts of the country, I could experience strong conservation efforts from local communities. However, there’s still some work to be done in other parts.
Peru has a big problem with trash; I even met a Brazilian who moved to the country a few years ago. He’s a plastic artist, and his goal was to work on a recycling project to reuse trash in the country. Unfortunately, the project was canceled when the pandemic started in 2019.
The Amazon Rainforest and the Andes Mountains show Peru’s diverse ecosystems and are perfect for sustainable adventures. Guided tours in places like Tambopata are great for spotting wildlife and learning about Indigenous traditions.
Community-based tourism in towns like Caraz, Lobitos, and Paracas allows ecotourists to experience the local culture while supporting the communities.
Ready to explore Cusco’s vibrant ecotourism scene? My travel guide offers everything you need for an unforgettable journey. Don’t miss this chance to travel sustainably!
Peru’s gastronomy is a rich blend of flavors, earning it a reputation as one of the world’s top culinary destinations. The best restaurant in the world in 2023 is located in Peru; it’s called Central.
Traditional dishes like ceviche, made with fresh fish, lime, and chili, are more present on the coast, while quinoa, potatoes, and lomo saltado reflect its highland roots.
Regional specialties like rocoto relleno in Arequipa and juane in the Amazon add diverse flavors to its gastronomy.
Peru’s culinary scene also embraces innovation, with Lima leading the charge as a global food capital. Its world-class restaurants, like Central and Maido, redefine Peruvian cuisine.
In this section, I will try to convince you to visit Peru by telling you the pros I saw while living there for six months:
The goal of this section is to inform you in advance about possible challenges you can face during your trip:
These are fun and interesting facts about Peru that I think you should know:
I’ve put together this Peru itinerary for 3-weeks to help you experience the best the country offers. From surfing in the north to hiking in the Andes and uncovering Inca history, this itinerary has a bit of everything Peru offers. Peru stole my heart from the moment I arrived. My initial plan was to spend only 30 days there, but
If you’re looking for adventure and spectacular landscapes, Peru offers some of the best hikes in the world. In this post, we’ll explore the best hikes in Peru, from high-altitude treks to forests and ancient ruins, showing the country’s diverse scenery. If you’re interested in multi-day journeys or challenging day hikes, there are many places to explore. These routes will
This article is about the third day of the Choquequirao Trek without a guide. On this day, I planned to start hiking uphill from Chiquisca, stop by Capuliyoc, and end the day in Cachora. There are two ways to return to Cusco from San Pedro de Cachora; I will explain each in this article. The most challenging part of the
This article is about the second day of the Choquequirao Trek without a guide. It was the most challenging day because I decided to explore the archaeological site, get my stuff, and continue hiking towards Chiquisca. If you’re not keen on pushing your limits, consider breaking this day into two. Given the size of the archaeological site, dedicating an entire
If Machu Picchu is a city, Choquequirao, also known as Machu Picchu’s sister, is a kingdom. The only way to reach the site is by trekking, and it is possible to do the Choquequirao trek without a guide. This article explains how I did it by myself. This Inca archaeological site was used as a stronghold and refuge by the
I spent six weeks in Peru, staying in several hostels for different reasons, depending on my goals for a specific week or a specific need I had at that time. Here is my selection of the best hostels in Cusco where I stayed. Cusco is a magnificent city with tons of activities available. Even though it is a bit touristy,
